A tennis court is where the game of tennis is played. It is a firm rectangular surface with a low net stretched across the center. The same surface can be used to play both doubles and singles.
Tennis is played on a rectangular flat surface, usually of grass, clay, hard court or a synthetic suspended court. The court is 23.78 meters long, 10.97 meters wide. Its width is 8.23 meters for singles matches and 10.97 meters for doubles matches. The service line is 6.40 meters from the net. Additional clear space around the court is needed in order for players to reach overrun balls for a total of 18.3 meters wide and 36.7 meters long. A net is stretched across the full width of the court, parallel with the baselines, dividing it into two equal ends. The net is 1.07 meters high at the posts, and 0.914 meters high in the center.
A North/South orientation is generally desirable for outdoor courts to avoid background glare at dawn or dusk. Orientation also should take into consideration other structures and features on the site, neighboring property, vehicle and pedestrian traffic and prevailing winds. Topography of the site and efficient site utilization should be considered as well.
Grass courts are the fastest type of courts in common use. They consist of grass grown on very hard-packed soil, which adds an additional variable: bounces depend on how healthy the grass is, how recently it has been mown, and the wear and tear of recent play. Points are usually very quick where fast, low bounces keep rallies short, and the serve plays a more important role than on other surfaces. Grass courts tend to favor serve and volley tennis players, such as John McEnroe and Stefan Edberg among men and Martina Navratilova and Jana Novotna among women. The International in Newport, R.I., comprises grass courts. The surface is less firm and more slippery than hard courts, causing the ball to slide and bounce lower, and so players must reach the ball faster. Serve-and-volley players take advantage of the surface by serving the ball usually a slice serve because of its effectiveness on grass and then running to the net to cut off the return of serve, leaving their opponent with little time to reach the low-bouncing, fast-moving ball. Players often hit flatter shots to increase power and allow the ball to travel faster before and after the ball hits the ground.
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